“Modernity Was an Abstract Belief System, Rooted in the...

The European Enlightenment is the well known era in Western society. The Enlightenment was a study conducted by the philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1784. Kants essay addressed the causes of a lack of enlightenment and the conditions that were necessary to make it possible for people to enlighten themselves. Kant held it necessary that all church and state to be abolished and people be given the freedom to use their own intellect. Hobbesian social control theory was a ideological invention that came about during the pre 1750s. The social control theory is a view that a person’s moral and political obligations are dependent upon a ‘contract’ or an agreement among that to form a society in which they live in. However, social contract theory is†¦show more content†¦German philosopher Johann Gottfried von Herder developed an idea of organising organic nationalism, a form an ethnic nationalism in which states stop its political legitimacy from historical or hereditary groups. The underlying assumption is that every ethnicity should be politically distinct. Herder separated people depending on their language. For example, people who spoke the French language were therefore French people, people who spoke in English language were then known as English people. Herder is regarded as being the ‘father of nationalism’. Fascism is a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, and forcefully suppressing opposition and criticism, and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism. An example of a Fascism situation is when Hitler came into power in 1933. He rose to power promising jobs for unemployed citizens in the war-torn country. He blamed Jews for Germanys economic issues. This lead to his slaughter of 6 million Jews in concentration camps. His invasion of Poland also sparked WWII in which millions more were killed in the conflict which lasted from 1939-1945. The symbolic interaction theory is a major framework of sociological theory. This perspective relies on the symbolic meaning that people develop and rely upon in the process of social interaction. Although symbolic interactions trace its origins to Max Webers assertion that individuals act according to their interpretation of the meaning of